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What are pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements in CSS and how are they used?

Asked on Aug 27, 2025

Answer

Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements are special CSS selectors that allow you to style elements based on their state or part of their content. Pseudo-classes target elements in a specific state, while pseudo-elements style specific parts of an element.

Example Concept: Pseudo-classes are used to define a special state of an element, such as ":hover" for when a user hovers over an element. Pseudo-elements, like "::before" and "::after", allow you to style specific parts of an element, such as adding content before or after the element's content. Pseudo-classes are written with a single colon (e.g., ":hover"), while pseudo-elements use a double colon (e.g., "::before").

Additional Comment:

Pseudo-classes include ":hover", ":focus", ":nth-child()", and ":active".
Pseudo-elements include "::before", "::after", "::first-line", and "::first-letter".
Use pseudo-classes to apply styles based on user interactions or element states.
Use pseudo-elements to style specific parts of an element without additional HTML.
Combining pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements can create complex and dynamic styles.

✅ Answered with CSS best practices.

Ask any question about CSS here... and get an instant response.

What are pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements in CSS and how are they used?

Asked on Aug 27, 2025

Answer

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